Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the author and do not reflect the views of the editorial team at crypto.news.
Progress in the blockchain space can sometimes be deceiving. Every year, new blockchains emerge with slick branding, faster transaction times, and grand promises to fix the shortcomings of their predecessors. However, rather than creating a cohesive global network, these ecosystems often feel isolated, leaving users and businesses unsure if they are following the right procedures.
Summary
- Despite the launch of faster and more advanced blockchains, developers are divided across different ecosystems, leading to the duplication of tools that can bridge incompatible networks, hindering enterprise adoption and scalability.
- Token bridges and APIs present security risks, with over $2 billion stolen in 2024; true interoperability requires blockchains to validate transactions across networks without the need for custodians or wrappers.
- As institutions like J.P. Morgan and central banks experiment with cross-ledger systems, interoperability will become fundamental infrastructure, making blockchain as seamless and reliable as the internet.
Currently, developers are working across various blockchain ecosystems. One in three developers is engaging with multiple chains, highlighting the significant fragmentation that exists in the space and posing challenges for enterprise adoption. Even developers are uncertain, as no single network seamlessly integrates with others. Wrapped tokens are being used to navigate across chains, and developers are constantly rebuilding infrastructure to enable communication between systems. This bottleneck is impeding blockchain’s integration into mainstream enterprise operations.
If the industry aims to achieve scalability, true interoperability needs to move beyond mere marketing slogans.
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The myth of interoperability
Many blockchain networks claim to be interoperable by offering token bridges or APIs that facilitate interaction across chains. However, these solutions may falter under stress conditions such as network congestion, high transaction volumes, or cyberattacks.
Reports from Chainalysis indicate that hackers stole $2.2 billion in 2024 through 303 incidents. By mid-2025, global losses had already exceeded $2.17 billion. Incidents are on the rise despite the increasing number of chains promoting themselves as secure and interoperable. The underlying issue stems from connectors that traverse trust boundaries not originally designed to meet. A single fault in a signature or a compromised key on a bridge connecting two blockchains can result in substantial losses.
True interoperability necessitates blockchains’ ability to autonomously recognize, validate, and execute transactions from other networks without relying on custodians, wrappers, or fragile bridges. Until this common ground is established, all “interoperable” solutions remain a patchwork of temporary fixes.
The hidden costs
Even experienced users encounter challenges when juggling multiple wallets, estimating gas fees, and hoping that transactions do not get stuck midway. This complexity is magnified for enterprises that conduct large financial transactions, as fluctuating gas fees and unpredictable costs can erode profits and compromise user experiences.
According to the World Bank, the average cost of sending a $500 cross-border payment was 4.26% in the first quarter of 2025. While this is an improvement from previous years, it falls short of the near-zero transaction costs that blockchain initially promised. The Financial Stability Board has cautioned that the G20’s 2027 targets for cheaper and faster cross-border payments may not be achievable.
Each blockchain operates with its own economic model, making transitions between networks expensive and intricate. In contrast, internet users do not concern themselves with the servers hosting their emails or the protocols facilitating their video calls. Blockchain should offer a similarly seamless experience, where enterprises can transact without worrying about the underlying network complexities.
The tipping point for enterprises
Enterprises have historically driven standardization in technology. Just as protocols like TCP/IP, HTTP, and SSL became universally adopted in the early internet era, blockchain is moving towards a similar convergence, albeit through a more convoluted path.
Signs of this shift are already apparent. Financial giants like J.P. Morgan have tested USD deposit tokens on Base. Singapore’s Monetary Authority is conducting live trials for tokenized funds and assets with traditional institutions as part of Project Guardian. These initiatives aim to streamline value transfers across ledgers as effortlessly as data flows across the internet.
Moreover, a 2024 survey by the BIS revealed that 91% of 93 central banks are exploring central bank digital currencies in some form, indicating widespread interest among major players in global finance.
The turning point occurs when institutions demand blockchain solutions that seamlessly navigate across multiple networks by default. Interoperability then becomes the foundational infrastructure, essential for any viable blockchain network.
When blockchain transcends the realm of speculation and flashy token economics to become a reliable, standardized, and invisible technology, it will break through the enterprise barrier. On that day, users will not question which chain processed their transaction; they will simply acknowledge that it worked seamlessly and instantly across all platforms.
Read more: Financial infrastructure necessitates a reevaluation of blockchain architecture | Opinion
Wesley Crook
Wesley Crook, CEO of FP Block, leads a global team of software engineers and blockchain developers, spearheading innovative solutions. With over 35 years of experience in consulting, he has successfully expanded FP Block into new markets, delivered high-impact blockchain and software projects, and solidified the company’s reputation for cutting-edge technology. As a member of the Forbes Technology Council, Wesley shares strategic insights with industry leaders and focuses on achieving measurable results, operational excellence, and client success at FP Block.
